बिजुली जाँदा के चलाउने? Plan your backup load
कति ठूलो इन्भर्टर र ब्याट्री चाहिन्छ? What inverter and battery size do you need?
एकैचोटि चल्ने उपकरणको वाट जोड्नुहोस्। त्यसपछि इन्भर्टरको निरन्तर क्षमता, सुरु हुँदाको थप लोड र ब्याट्री कति घण्टा चल्न सक्छ हेर्नुहोस्। Add the appliances that run together, then estimate continuous inverter capacity, startup load, and battery runtime.
तपाईंको अनुमानYour estimate
यो किनमेलअघि गर्ने अनुमान हो। ब्याट्रीको उमेर, तापक्रम, discharge rate, केबलको नोक्सानी, इन्भर्टरको आफ्नै खपत र एकैचोटि सुरु हुने मोटरले चल्ने समय घटाउन सक्छ। This is a pre-purchase estimate. Battery age, temperature, discharge rate, cable loss, inverter standby use, and motors starting together can reduce actual runtime.
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हिसाब कसरी हुन्छ?How the calculation works
W भनेको त्यही क्षण चाहिने power हो। Wh भनेको समयसँग जोडिएको energy हो। त्यसैले इन्भर्टरको क्षमता W वा VA मा, ब्याट्री चल्ने समय Wh बाट निकालिन्छ। Watts describe power needed now. Watt-hours describe energy over time. Inverter capacity is planned in W or VA, while runtime comes from usable Wh.
running load W = sum(quantity × running W)startup peak W = running load + largest single (starting W − running W)planned inverter W = running load × (1 + headroom %)planned inverter VA = planned inverter W ÷ output power factornominal battery Wh = bank voltage × bank Ahusable AC Wh = nominal Wh × depth of discharge × inverter efficiencyruntime hours = usable AC Wh ÷ running load W
Startup हिसाबले एउटा उपकरण मात्र एक पटकमा सुरु हुन्छ मानेको छ। धेरै मोटर एकैचोटि सुरु हुन्छन् भने installer ले छुट्टै peak जाँच गर्नुपर्छ। The startup estimate assumes only one appliance starts at a time. An installer must check the combined peak when several motors can start together.
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नमुना हिसाबWorked example
चार 10 W बत्ती, 15 W राउटर, 80 W टिभी र 60 W पंखा एकैचोटि चल्ने मानौं। पंखा सुरु हुँदा 180 W, ब्याट्री 12 V 150 Ah, प्रयोग गर्ने गहिराइ 50% र इन्भर्टर दक्षता 85% राखिएको छ। Assume four 10 W lights, a 15 W router, an 80 W TV, and a 60 W fan run together. Fan startup is 180 W, with a 12 V 150 Ah battery, 50% depth of discharge, and 85% inverter efficiency.
4 × 10 + 15 + 80 + 60 = 195 Wचलिरहेको लोडrunning load
195 + (180 − 60) = 315 Wपंखा सुरु हुँदाको peakpeak when the fan starts
195 × 1.25 = 244 W25% थप क्षमता राखेरwith 25% planning headroom
244 ÷ 0.8 = 305 VAनमुना power factor माat the example power factor
12 × 150 × 50% × 85% = 765 Whप्रयोग गर्न मिल्ने AC ऊर्जाusable AC energy
765 ÷ 195 = 3.9 hoursआदर्श गणितीय runtimeidealized calculated runtime
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स्रोत र मान्यताSources and assumptions
- AEPC, Nepal Photovoltaic Quality Assurance 2025, checked 17 Aug 2026. Battery labels must state rated Ah at the discharge rate and nominal voltage. Battery-inverter labels must state W or VA, voltage, and frequency. The standard also sets full-load efficiency and compatibility requirements.
- University of Maryland Extension, Working on Solar Design and System Sizing, checked 17 Aug 2026. It supports adding simultaneous nameplate loads, calculating Wh from W × hours, and checking motor startup and peak wattage.
- Penn State, Efficiency of Inverters, checked 17 Aug 2026. It defines inverter efficiency as AC output divided by DC input and notes that efficiency changes with load.
- NREL, Best Practices Handbook for Renewable Energy Systems, checked 17 Aug 2026. Its UPS guidance separates operating power from operating duration and sizes for maximum attached load and required battery period.
50% depth of discharge, 85% दक्षता, 25% headroom, 0.8 power factor र उपकरणका वाट सबै नमुना हुन्। यी नेपालभर लागू हुने स्थिर default होइनन्। The 50% depth of discharge, 85% efficiency, 25% headroom, 0.8 power factor, and appliance watts are examples. They are not universal Nepal-wide defaults.
किन्नुअघि र जडानअघिBefore buying or installing
यो calculator ले wire, fuse, MCB, earthing, battery ventilation वा fire protection design गर्दैन। इन्भर्टरको continuous W/VA, surge duration, waveform, DC voltage र ब्याट्री compatibility datasheet मा मिलाउनुहोस्। अन्तिम जडान योग्य प्राविधिकबाट गराउनुहोस्। This calculator does not design wiring, fuses, breakers, earthing, battery ventilation, or fire protection. Match continuous W/VA, surge duration, waveform, DC voltage, and battery compatibility on the datasheet. Have a qualified technician make the final installation.